Trap, neuter and release programs for cats: A literature review
Summary
Comprehensive literature review of trap, neuter, release schemes to reduce the number of wild and feral cats.Trap, neuter and release programs for cats
This is a comprehensive literature review of trap, neuter and release schemes designed to reduce the number of wild and feral cats. Extensive references are provided.
The trap, neuter and release method has unresolved welfare issues for feral and stray cats, however it appears the most effective non-lethal method to partially control small populations of free-roaming cats. Without any control the mortality rate of free-roaming cats is high - up to 50% of young kittens.
A program's success depends on support from the community, veterinarians, animal welfare groups and legislation. Education on responsible pet ownership is needed to reduce abandonment and neglect of pets. Neutering, vaccinations and worming are fundamental to cat welfare, with desexing of 71-94% of both sexes. Desexing females only will increase fighting amongst male cats and the harassment of neutered females.
It was concluded that trap, neuter and release methods may control small cat colonies in defined areas. However, cats need to be intensively removed from areas where they represent a threat to wildlife and public health. Research is required on control of feral cats in rural and costal areas, where the impact on wildlife appears higher. Research is also needed on alternative methods as those available have not demonstrated long-term efficacy in controlling large numbers of free-roaming cats.